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Radio copywriting tip from John OliverIt is so much more enjoyable to critique the work of a good radio copywriter than the lame attempts of a bad one.

First, the radio commercial.

Here Are 9 Good Things You Can Learn from this Radio Copywriter.

1. The ad begins with the story of someone who has been transformed (“She’s more than just an email sender; she’s a marketer!”) by the service being advertised.

2. That “someone” is given a name: “Katie.”

That personalizes her and makes it easier to envision her as a real person.

If you watch Last Week Tonight, here’s something you might not have noticed:

Whenever John Oliver turns to address an image of a child, teenager or pet, he addresses that child, teenager or pet by name.

Always.


Oliver always addresses the person by “name” — even though it’s a fictitious person with a fictitious name.

Why? Because the inclusion of the person’s name makes it more of a story.

The more specific you are, the more vivid the story you can tell.

3. He clearly and concisely describes a common task — “sends out emails” — that is directly related to the advertiser’s product.

4. He makes “Katie” even more real by noting that she sends out those emails “for her nonprofit.”

Constant Contact isn’t designed specifically for nonprofit organizations. But a specific picture quickly and efficiently is painted in the listener’s mind.

5. Unlike what I did in #4 (above), the announcer uses real language: “for her nonprofit.”

People who work for nonprofit organizations refer to them simply as “nonprofits.”

The announcer slides right into her world by using the correct jargon.

6. The advertiser isn’t introduced until after we’ve met Katie and learned something about her…something that’s relevant to the ultimate sales message of this spot.

7. The commercial clearly establishes how Constant Contact helps Katie: “…she’s a marketer!”

8. The spot ends with a clear Call to Action: “Free trial at ConstantContact.com.”

9. Because the announcer isn’t burdened with too much copy, he’s able to take the time to tell the story.

He’s able to pace himself, to pause when pausing helps the storytelling.

Why isn’t this 30-second radio spot crammed with too many words, a la most radio ads?

Because the copywriter limited the focus to a single, linear story.

No detours.

No unnecessary ad-speak.

No “winner of the coveted Hugo Bernstein Award for cool email tools.”

Did a Different Advertising Copywriter Write this Line?

There’s one place where they momentarily drop the ball.

It’s when Katie says, “And with our free expert coaching, our results have been better than ever.”

A) “With our free expert coaching” is confusing.

It sounds as though her nonprofit offers free expert coaching, but I’m guessing the copy refers to free coaching Constant Contact offers its customers.

B) “Our results have been…better than ever”:

When You Pause Before Finishing a Sentence, You Create an Expectation Among the Listeners.

You pause before delivering a pay-off, something funny, something surprising, something dramatic.

You don’t pause, however, before saying something as bland as “better than ever.”

In fact, it feels as though that line was written by someone other than the copywriter responsible for the rest of the commercial.

“Katie” is specific.

“Nonprofit” is semi-specific. We don’t know what the nonprofit does, but we know it’s not a retail business or professional service.

But “better than ever”??

We don’t know how good their results had been before Constant Contact.

Maybe they were abysmal, in which case “better than ever” might mean “not quite as pathetic.”

No, the ad can’t make specific financial claims. But Katie might have said:

“Now our members actually read our emails”

or

“fundraising is less of a hassle…for me and for our members.”

That line of dialogue is sloppy, ineffectual…and well beneath the copywriting skill demonstrated by the rest of the script.

But 90% of this commercial copy is excellent.

Although I don’t happen to use Constant Contact, I’m delighted to be able to compliment their radio advertising.

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Charlie Tuna 93KHJ Boss RadioWhen I first came to Los Angeles as a teenager, one of the first disc jockeys to catch my attention was Charlie Tuna at KHJ.

I admit that my first reaction was, “What an idiotic air name!”

At the time, you couldn’t turn on the TV without seeing Star-Kist Tuna’s animated spokesperson/mascot: “Charlie the Tuna.”

It took me a couple of weeks to get past the air name and pay more attention to the DJ.

That, by the way, is the first time I’ve ever referred to a talented, successful radio guy as a “DJ.”

The Honorable Profession of “DJ”

I always preferred “jock” — possibly because it reflected that bond among those of us who worked ridiculous hours for usually low pay. We didn’t all play for the same team, but we all played in the same league.

All of us were “radio guys.”

Others preferred “air personalities,” “radio personalities,” or “radio hosts.” All are fine with me.

But Tuna — see how completely I and the rest of the radio world adapted to his name? — was a DJ.

He was a DJ in the purest, best, most joyful sense.

At the age of five, he played “DJ” in front of the record player in his family’s home.

Does This Sound Like a “Real Radio Guy”?

At the age of 16, as a high school junior, he did the morning show at KGFW in his hometown of Kearney, Nebraska…

…went directly from the radio station to school…

…and returned to KGFW to do the evening show…

…and, of course, whatever production had been left for him.

I don’t know what he sounded like at the ages of 5 or 16, but somewhere along the way he came into possession of one of the all-time great voices — the voice that all of us male jocks dreamed of having:


I had forgotten that’s where I heard that line I’ve been using for years…

When I first heard him on KHJ and got past his name and his incredible voice, I realized something that intrigued me:

Whenever he cracked the mic, he’d have a humorous comment about the record or something in the news, etc.

That’s not unusual among jocks.

But I mean every time he opened the mic.

Charlie’s material wasn’t hysterically funny.

It wasn’t edgy.

It wasn’t filled with social relevance (during a socially tumultuous time in America).

And somehow, even then I could tell he hadn’t written that material.

But it was funny. Kind of smooth, middle-of-the-road funny.

It was well-crafted for the 7 seconds he might have over the next song intro.

To be absolutely clear: I’m not damning with faint praise his humor or his show. This is not some snarky way of saying he delivered mediocre material that he didn’t write…with a smooth voice.

When you heard Charlie Tuna on the radio, you heard a pro.

Charlie did make it a point to carry a notebook around with him, to jot down any & all thoughts, observations and inspirations that came his way.

That was a habit he picked up from observing the great Larry Lujack at WMEX/Boston.

Many of those notes made their way into his show. But they were observations, musings and lighthearted comments about our pop culture.

The jokes…The snappy one-liners…He delivered them very well and with impeccable timing.

But somehow, because I just naturally gravitate to the structure underneath a creative work, I knew those funny one-liners came from somewhere, someone else.

As a budding young writer/performer, did that lower my enjoyment of his show?

Hell, no. I was witnessing something I don’t think I’d encountered before from a “DJ”: craftsmanship.

Tuna’s humor wasn’t fall-down funny.

It wasn’t, “Wait until I tell you what Tuna said today” funny.

But it earned every appreciative chuckle it received from listeners break after break, show after show, year after year.

In fact, I suspect that one thing that made him stand out from the rest of us “funny jocks” was that his goal wasn’t to be funny; it was to entertain people.

He wasn’t there to show off; he was there for the audience.

Regardless of the station, format or airshift, I don’t think Charlie ever showed up for a show unprepared.

Although we had talked on the phone a few times and exchanged a couple of emails, I’m sad to say I didn’t really know him.

He was the rock-solid radio pro whom I first enjoyed all those years ago on KHJ.

I was the guy whose comedy service (among many others, I’m sure) Tuna subscribed to…all those years ago.

The Missing 5.1 Miles

A couple of years we ago Charlie and I had exchanged emails about some long forgotten topic. When I heard he had died, I searched for them, thinking they might give me a clue what to say here.

Not finding them, I checked my database for his email address, which I might be able to use to successfully complete my search.

When I saw his contact info, my heart sank.

I knew that for many years he’d been living in Tarzana, California. (That’s in “the Valley” portion of Los Angeles County.)

During almost all of my years in L.A., “Tarzana” didn’t mean much to me because I lived in a different part of L.A. “The other side of the hill,” as we say.

But a few years ago I moved. Much closer to Tarzana.

I went to Google Maps, entered Charlie’s address, entered my address…and discovered we had been living 5.1 miles away from each other.

Once again, I had blown it. How pleasant it would’ve been, swapping stories over lunch, with my getting to know more of the person behind the voice behind the microphone.

Just 5.1 miles away.

We Would Argue About Charlie Tuna’s Radio Show.

A good friend of mine — a radio guy — and I have disagreed more than once about Tuna’s work.

We agreed about Charlie’s having been a real pro, a nice guy, reliable performer.

But my friend would shake his head and say, “Yeah, but as a jock…I mean, he sounded great, but all he ever did was read jokes that other people wrote.”

I would respond by saying to him what I’ve been saying to you: “Yeah, but his material wasn’t bad. He delivered it well. I always felt that when he entered the broadcast studio, he wasn’t there to entertain himself; he was there to entertain the audience.”

It’s only now that I realize why I, as a listener, respected Tuna so much:

He never let down his audience.

He was a professional. A professional radio DJ in the best, grandest, most humbly human way.

He wasn’t there to show off or to impress. Charlie Tuna was there for his audience.

And he never let them down.

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HOW MANY MISTAKES CAN THEY MAKE IN A :15 RADIO SPOT?

 

15-second radio commercialsAs you listen to this 15-second radio commercial, see how many basic advertising mistakes they make.

The Mistakes

1. The commercial begins the advertiser’s name. That tells us, “This message is all about us, not about you.”

2. The commercial begins with the advertiser’s name, followed by “Valentine’s Day.” That tells us, “This message is all about us, not about Valentine’s Day.”

3.  The copywriter crammed so many words into those 15 seconds that the announcer has to talk too quickly for us to want to pay attention.

4. The copywriter crammed so many words into those 15 seconds that the announcer has to talk too quickly for us to understand every word she’s saying.

5. Pretending for the moment that anyone would listen closely enough — perhaps recording the spot to enable listening over and over again — there’s no way for listeners to know what the copywriter is trying to say.

  Buy a Valentine’s Day gift at Kevin Jewelers?

•  Buy a diamond ring for $89?

•  Buy a topaz ring for $89?

•  But a diamond for only “$49 a month”?

  They’ll let you buy on credit regardless of how un-creditworthy you are?

  Take up to 5 years to pay?

  Something about love?

“Oh,” some readers might object. “but it’s not possible to do an effective job of selling in just 15 seconds.”

Response #1: Of course it is. It’s even possible to create effective 10-second radio campaigns.

The catch, of course, is you’ve got to know what you’re doing.

Response #2: If you believe it’s impossible to sell effectively in a 15-second spot, then why are you letting the radio station sell you (probably as part of a package) 15 spots?

If They Had a Core Message and Knew What They Were Doing, They Could Have Succeeded.

The Core Message is the one thing you want the targeted listener to hear, to understand, and to remember.

If the Core Message had been “Kevin’s Jewelers for Valentine’s gifts,” the spot might begin:

“Valentine’s Day. You want to get her something beautiful and romantic. And you don’t have much money to spend…”

If the Core Message had been “Buy a diamond ring for $89”:

“She’s the love of your life. For Valentine’s Day, you want to give her a million-dollar diamond ring…but at the moment you’ve got $89. No problem….”

So What Was the Real Core Message of this Jewelry Store Radio Commercial?

“We’ve got 15 seconds. Let’s see how much stuff we can jam in there.”

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Radio Commercial – Wrong Pictures + No Core Message

To begin this week’s Radio Commercial Smackdown, let’s listen to the advertisement:

If everyone in the target audience already knows what “DanActive Probiotic Dairy Drinks” is, maybe this radio commercial can be slightly successful.

But although the company that makes the product, Dannon, is well-known in yogurt-loving circles, take this test:

Ask the next 10 people you see, “What’s DanActive?”

In response you’ll receive numerous attempts at witty answers, but I’ll be surprised if more than 1.4 people know it’s a “drinkable probiotic yogurt.”

Radio Advertising Rule #1: Radio Advertising Solves Problems.

According to this spot, the problem is that of a busy mother who “needs to take care of” herself as well as her annoying kids.

Despite the patently false presentation of which is supposed to be a real-life family situation, we understand what the problem is.

And the solution to the problem?

It’s something or other — Dan Active?

Some sort of “dairy drink” that apparently is “probiotic,” whatever that is.

We understand the problem. The solution— not so much.

Radio Advertising Rule #2:
The Pictures Your Commercial Paints in the Listener’s Mind Are What the Listener Will Remember.

All the mental pictures created by this spot are of the “problem”; none is of the solution.

What images do you remember?

The whiny kids?

The couch, under which something-or-other is hiding?

The mother taking something out of the refrigerator?

Probably.

Do you retain images of someone drinking DanActive and feeling…

Wait, how are they supposed to feel now? Energetic? Stronger? Better able to cope with annoying children? Less prone to illness?

However DanActive drinkers are supposed to feel, do you picture her drinking the stuff and/or enjoying its wonderfully positive, albeit undefined, benefits?

The woman says, “Plus, they help to support the immune system.”

What is that supposed to be in addition to? “Supporting the immune system” is the first benefit this radio ad claims for the product.

It’s like saying to a friend, “Hi. Plus, there’s a good movie on TV tonight.”

Let’s Pretend We Know What This Product Is Supposed to Do for Us.

Clearly DanActive in some way is supposed to enhance our health.

They don’t bother explaining to us how it enhances our health, but somehow it’s supposed to make us healthier than we’d be if it weren’t for good ol’ DanActive.

Although they never tell us how, if you force yourself to listen to the entire spot you understand that in some unnamed way it’s supposed to be good for us. Radio Commercial – Wrong Pictures + No Core Message

That’s the intended message: Drink this stuff, and you’ll be healthier or you’ll get sick less often…or something. Just drink the damn stuff, okay? It’s good for you.

If that’s the intended message, why do they have the woman proclaim that it “tastes delicious”?

Is that actually the product’s big selling point — its delicious taste?

Do they figure that in addition to selling to the Health Conscious, they’ll also grab a hunk o’ the milkshake loving crowd?

If their Core Message is supposed to be “health” (however vaguely), why are they wasting their time talking (unconvincingly) about “delicious taste”?

Radio Advertising Rule #3:
Successful Advertising Intersects Common Human Behavior and Experience.

In the radio ad the mother explains, “Just had to grab a DanActive.”

In real life the kids would respond, “You had to grab what??? What’re you talking ’bout, Mom? We’re gonna be late!”

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CheesesFirst, let’s listen to this radio commercial, and then I’ll ask you a few questions.


Question #1:
Who voiced that spot? (He gave his name at the beginning of the commercial.)

Answer:  “Dan Bane”

Question #2:  Who is Dan Bane?

Answer: Unless you have some connection to Trader Joe’s or are a friend or relative, you have no idea who Dan Bane is.

He’s the CEO of Trader Joe’s.

I didn’t know, either. But a little Googling uncovered the answer.

Question #3:  Inasmuch as no one knows who Dan Bane is, why is he delivering Trader Joe’s sales message in this radio commercial?

Well, because…

Um…

Because he’s the public face of the company, and consumers instantly associate him with Trader Joe’s? Well, no.

Is it because as CEO of the company, he knows more about the individual foods they sell in their stores?

Unlikely.

If you want to know “What are the most popular special items this week,” almost every employee at every one of their markets can give you a more knowledgeable answer.

Wait, I’ve got it: He’s voicing that commercial because he’s so darn good at effective one-to-one communication via a microphone.

Well, except for his sing-songy delivery that’s the hallmark of someone who is reading, rather than talking.

If you’re thinking, “Well, gee, at least he’s not shouting at the audience,” you’re correct.

But neither is he speaking naturally.

Play the spot again and imagine he’s a friend of yours and he’s talking to you that way over the telephone.

Is that how your friends or colleagues actually speak?

I will gladly offer him one compliment: his delivery of the line, “Or Utah.” But that was the only nonrobotic element in that radio ad.
 
Dan Bane sounds like a pleasant enough chap. But it’s clear that he’s reading someone else’s script into a microphone; he’s not talking to us.

The Copywriting

As I’ve mentioned previously, the people write the copy for Trader Joe’s print flyers are exceptionally good at writing for print. 

But you can’t simply take that style and apply it to a radio spot.

When you look at one of their flyers, you don’t read every paragraph on every page.

Your eyes skip over stuff you know you won’t be interested in and pause at items of interest to you.

You can’t do that with a radio commercial.

You can’t skip past the irrelevant parts.

If you’re the targeted consumer, a radio commercial needs to command your attention from its first sounds and keep it until the Call to Action has clearly and convincingly been given.

Replay that spot.

After the first 18 seconds, we still don’t know what the actual message is.

We know it has something to do with Trader Joe’s, but that’s not enough grab and keep our attention.

Two Quick Ways to Improve this Commercial

1. Begin with the story, not with a rambling set-up.

“Have you seen our spotlight cheeses?” is far from being the best opening line I’ve heard in a radio advertisement.

But it’s better than, “This is Dan Bane of Trader Joe’s, where shopping for groceries is something you’ll want to do.”

Remember, Successful Radio Advertising Solves Problems.

I don’t enjoy shopping.

You won’t see me in a supermarket unless I’ve already eaten every morsel of food I can find at home.

That includes stuff in the refrigerator that I can’t identify but which I know probably at one time was edible.

But “not enjoying shopping” isn’t the problem Trader Joe’s might be able to solve for me.

“Finding interesting stuff that I haven’t had before and that appears both healthy and tasty” — that’s a challenge Trader Joe’s might be able to help me overcome.

Instead of opening by defining a problem the advertiser doesn’t actually solve for consumers, they could’ve opened cold with, “Have you seen our Spotlight Cheeses? I’m Dan Bane of Trader Joe’s” —

— and then they’d need to deliver a compelling reason why the targeted listener should see their Spotlight Cheeses.

2.   If for some reason “Dan Bane” must voice the spot, explain to the listener who he is.

“I’m Dan Bane of Trader Joe’s” means…Well, it could be a spokesperson. Or an employee.

“I’m Dan Bane, CEO of Trader Joe’s” would tell us, “He’s the head of the company.”

Or…uh…”He’s the Big Cheese at Trader Joe’s.”

Clearly Trader Joe’s invests a lot of time and care in the creation of their monthly flyers.

They expect their copywriters to take all that information and make it appear not just interesting but fascinating.

Sadly, they don’t hold their radio advertising to the same high standard.

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